e-Badge Using RFID With Biometrics

Abstract

eBADGE USING RFID WITH BIOMETRICS is a personal identification system ,which allows a person to access a restricted area. The system becomes more secure with the addition of Fingerprint technology. The biometrics and RFID work in tandem, if a fingerprint scan does not match one that's stored, information from the integrated RFID tag will not be accessible.

RFID means providing electronic identity to any object. Electronic information about the object is stored in RFID chip embedded or attached to the object. With an RFID reader, the electronic identity (code in the form of several bits of data) can be read wirelessly. Because the technology uses radio waves, no line of sight is required and RFID tags embedded inside an object can be sensed. Further, an RFID reader can read multiple RFID tags simultaneously .

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is an automatic identification method, relying on storing and remotely retrieving data using devices called RFID tags or transponders. An RFID tag is an object that can be attached to or incorporated into a product, animal, or person for the purpose of identification using radio waves. Chip-based RFID tags contain silicon chips and antennae. Passive tags require no internal power source, whereas active tags require a power source.

RFID tags can either be passive or active. Passive tags cost less and work without a battery .On the other hand, active tags are costly and have an embedded power source. The electronic identification stored in a tag can either be fixed or dynamically updatable. RFID tags can be sensed by an RFID reader from a few centimeters to a few meters depending on the frequency of operation and the type of tags. RFID tags are very rugged and come in several form factors. These can even be embedded in a piece of paper or in a form that can be permanently tagged to a shirt.

The person who owns this badge will first enroll the data in fingerprint sensor module. When the person places his thumb on the sensor it will be compared with the enrolled one and if the person is identified then a Manchester encoded data is modulated and transmitted using ISM band. At the receiver end the signal will be demodulated, decoded and data is compared with the stored ones based on which the door will be opened and his personal details will be displayed on the LCD screen.

Manchester coding has been adopted into many efficient and widely used telecommunications standards, such as Ethernet . Manchester coding provides a simple way to encode arbitrary binary sequences without ever having long periods without level transitions, thus preventing the loss of clock synchronization, or bit errors from low-frequency drift on poorly-equalized analog links. If transmitted as an AC signal it ensures that the DC component of the encoded signal is zero, again preventing baseline drift of the repeated signal, making it easy to regenerate and preventing waste of energy.